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            <title>Charles, a man of color v. Perter Verhagen</title>
         </titleStmt>
         <publicationStmt>
            <publisher> This electronic document is published as part of the St Louis Circuit
                    Court historical records project.</publisher>
            <availability>
               <p>There are no known copyright restrictions on this item. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Washington University Libraries does not assert copyright in reproduction scans of public domain materials made openly available on its websites. For more information on policies and procedures governing the use of materials, contact digital@wumail.wustl.edu.</p>
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            <date type="filing" when="1841-05-10">May 10, 1841</date>
            <date type="term" when="1841-08">August Term, 1841</date>
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               <p>The original document is part of the Missouri State Archives St Louis Circuit
                    Court collection.</p>
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            <caseTitle>Charles, a man of color v. Perter Verhagen</caseTitle>
            <date type="filing" when="1841-05-10">May 10, 1841</date>
            <date type="term" when="1841-08">August Term, 1841</date>
            <party role="plaintiff">Charles</party>
            <party role="defendant">Verhagen, Peter</party>
            <causeAction type="civil">Suit for Freedom</causeAction>
            <caseNo>75</caseNo>
            <citation/>
            <court type="state">St. Louis Court of Common Pleas</court>
            <judge/>
            <clerk>Ruland, John</clerk>
            <sheriff>Brotherton, Marshall</sheriff>
            <attorney for="plaintiff">Carroll, C. C.</attorney>
            <attorney for="plaintiff">Polk, Tristen</attorney>
            <attorney for="defendant"/>
            <disposition/>
            <relatedCase/>
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         <change when="2011-06-27">MK deciphered vendor's unclear tags through entire document</change>
         <change when="2011-06-27">MK proofread and corrected transcription errors through entire document</change>    
         <change when="2011-07-13">KT added legal encoding</change>
         <change when="2011-11-09">KT removed comment tags, etc.</change>
         <change when="2012-05-02">CM performed final review of legal encoding</change>
         <change when="2012-06-04">APJ checked vertical and horizontal rends</change>
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               <p>This electronic document is published as part of the St Louis Circuit
                    Court historical records project.</p>
            </publicationStmt>
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               <p>The original document is part of the Missouri State Archives St Louis Circuit
                    Court collection.</p>
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         <body rend="handwritten">
            
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               <opener>No <abbr>75</abbr> 
                  <dateline>Court of Common Pleas <lb/>
                     <date when="1841-08">August Term 1841</date>
                  </dateline>
               </opener>
               <head>
                  <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> a man of color <abbr>vs </abbr>
                  <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Peter</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Verhagen</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear>
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               <p>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>Transferred</supplied>
                  </unclear> from <orgName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>St Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </orgName> 
                  <lb/>
                  <orgName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Circuit Court</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </orgName> to Court <lb/>of Common pleas on <lb/>Change <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> —</p>
               <p>
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                        <cell>Fees of <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                              <supplied>
                                 <persName>
                                    <choice>
                                       
                                       <orig>Jn</orig>
                                    </choice>
                                 </persName>
                              </supplied>
                           </unclear> 
                           <persName>
                              <choice>
                                 
                                 <orig>Ruland</orig>
                              </choice>
                           </persName> 
                           <abbr>Clk</abbr>
                        </cell> 
                        <cell>$4:78</cell>
                     </row>
                     <row>
                        <cell>Fees of <persName>
                              <choice>
                                 
                                 <orig>M</orig>
                              </choice>
                           </persName>.<unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                              <supplied>
                                 <persName>
                                    <choice>
                                       
                                       <orig>Brotherton</orig>
                                    </choice>
                                 </persName>
                              </supplied>
                           </unclear> Sheff</cell> 
                        <cell>1:30</cell>
                     </row>
                     <row>
                        <cell/> 
                        <cell>$ 6:08</cell>
                     </row>
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               </p>
               <closer>Filed <date when="1841-05-10">10th May 1841</date>
                  <signed>
                     <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                        <supplied>
                           <persName>
                              <choice>
                                 
                                 <orig>Jn Ruland</orig>
                              </choice>
                           </persName>
                        </supplied>
                     </unclear> Clerk</signed>
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               <p>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>Cont</supplied>
                  </unclear> as on <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>affidt</supplied>
                  </unclear> of deft: <ref target="TBD">Bk 1 p 379</ref> jury <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>sworn</supplied>
                  </unclear> a <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> 
                  <lb/>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>cont</supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <ref target="TBD">BK p 88</ref> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> judgt for plff May 6/<unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>4</supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <ref target="TBD">Bk 3 p 43</ref>
               </p>
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                    Court historical records project.</p>
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               <p>The original document is part of the Missouri State Archives St Louis Circuit
                    Court collection.</p>
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               <title>Transcript</title>
            </titleStmt>
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               <p>This electronic document is published as part of the St Louis Circuit
                    Court historical records project.</p>
            </publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
               <p>The original document is part of the Missouri State Archives St Louis Circuit
                    Court collection.</p>
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               <legalDoc genre="civil" stagelit="pre-trial" type="transcript" when="1841-05-06"> </legalDoc>
               <legalTitle>Transcript</legalTitle>
               <author role="clerk">Ruland, John</author>             
               <court>St. Louis Circuit Court</court>
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               <opener>
                  <dateline>State of <placeName>
                        <choice>
                           
                           <orig>Missouri</orig>
                        </choice>
                     </placeName> 
                     <placeName>
                        <choice>
                           
                           <orig>County of St Louis</orig>
                        </choice>
                     </placeName>.</dateline> 
                  <abbr>Sct.</abbr>
               </opener>
               <p>Be it Remembered that heretofore to wit on the <lb/>
                  <date when="1840-05-13">
                     <sic>eightteenth</sic> day May eighteen hundred and forty</date> 
                  <lb/>was filed in the Office of the clerk of the <lb/>
                  <orgName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Circuit Court</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </orgName> within and for said County a <lb/>petition which is in the words and <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>figures</supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <lb/>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>following</supplied>
                  </unclear> to wit. To the Honorable Luke <lb/>Lawless- Judge of the <orgName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Circuit Court</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </orgName> of <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>St</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName>. <lb/>
                  <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> county- In the <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>State of Missouri</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> 
                  <lb/>Petition The petition of negro <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> respectfully <lb/>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>represents</supplied>
                  </unclear> that he is held in slavery by <lb/>
                  <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Peter</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Verhagen</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> of the <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>City of St Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> in <lb/>the <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>State of Missouri</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName>: your Petitioner <lb/>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>begs leave</supplied>
                  </unclear> to State, that sometime in the <lb/>year of our Lord eighteen hundred and <lb/>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>thirty</supplied>
                  </unclear> seven (he thinks in February or March <lb/>of that year, he was ordered directed <lb/>and sent into the <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>State of Illinois</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> by a <lb/>certain <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Joseph</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> who at that time <lb/>claimed him, your Petitioner as his slave <lb/>&amp; exercised the <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>power</supplied>
                  </unclear> of ownership over <lb/>him your Petitioner for the <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>purpose</supplied>
                  </unclear> of doing <lb/>work in and about the <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>house</supplied>
                  </unclear> then <lb/>fitting up for a <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/>; that your Petitioner <lb/>did go into that State for the <lb/>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>purpose</supplied>
                  </unclear> aforesaid and there remained <lb/>for the <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>space</supplied>
                  </unclear> of Ten or twelve days <lb/>during which time he (your Petitioner) <lb/>was <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>engaged</supplied>
                  </unclear> in white washing the House <lb/>in painting and plastering; that he (your <lb/>Petitioner afterwards returned into this <lb/>State &amp; has remained as he was before</p>
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               <p>This electronic document is published as part of the St Louis Circuit
                    Court historical records project.</p>
            </publicationStmt>
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               <p>The original document is part of the Missouri State Archives St Louis Circuit
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               <p>in the servitude and as the slave of the <lb/>said <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Joseph</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/>, <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> them a <lb/>few days past, when the said <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Joseph</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> 
                  <lb/>having left this city, he your petitioner <lb/>has been in the Servitude and acting as the <lb/>slave of the said <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Peter</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Verhagen</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <lb/> Your petitioner believes that the laws of the <lb/>land do therfore entitle him to freedom. To those <lb/>laws he here makes his appeal, and prays <lb/>that your <unclear rend="strikethrough" unit="chars"/> Honor will grant him leave <lb/>to sue as a poor person, in order to establish <lb/>his right to freedom; and that <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>Tristen</supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <lb/>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>Polk</supplied>
                  </unclear> and C. C. <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Carroll</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> Esqrs may be assigned <lb/>as his counsel; and that he may have <lb/>reasonable liberty to attend his counsel <lb/>&amp; thus Honorable Court, as occassion may <lb/>require; that he be not removed out of <lb/>the Jurisdiction of this Court &amp; that he <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>be</supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <lb/>not subject to any severity on account <lb/>of his application for freedom, may it <lb/>please your Honor to grant him orders <lb/>to that effect- And as in duty <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> 
                  <lb/>he will ever pray &amp; <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/>- Negro <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName>-<lb/>
                  <date when="1840-05-16">May 16th 1840</date>.orderd “  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>Upon</supplied>
                  </unclear> which said petition <lb/>is endorsed the following order- order <lb/>
                  <date when="1840-05-16">May 16th 1840</date> ordered: That negro <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <lb/>be allowed to sue as a poor person to establish <lb/>his right to freedom: &amp; that Trusten Polk <lb/> &amp; C.C.<unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Carroll</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> be assigned him as counsel <lb/>also, that said <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> have reasonable <lb/>liberty to attend his counsel &amp; this <lb/>court as occassion may require; &amp; that he be <lb/>not removed out of the Jurisdiction of this <lb/>court &amp; that he be not subject to any severity on <lb/>account of his application for freedom <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>L. E. Lawless</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName>
               </p>
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               <p>This electronic document is published as part of the St Louis Circuit
                    Court historical records project.</p>
            </publicationStmt>
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               <p>The original document is part of the Missouri State Archives St Louis Circuit
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               <p>And afterwards to wit at the <date when="1840-03-16">March <lb/>term of said court for the year eighteen hundred <lb/>and forty on the Sixteenth day</date> of <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> 
                  <lb/>the following no readings were had <lb/>in said cause to wit - <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> a negro <lb/>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> - <abbr>vs</abbr> - <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Peter</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Verhagen</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> Petition of Freedom  order” Now at this day comes the said plaintiff and order <lb/>files his petition and thereupon it is ordered <lb/>by the court. that said plaintiff be <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>allowed</supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <lb/>to sue as a poor person to establish his right <lb/>to freedom and that <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> Polk and C C <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Carroll</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <lb/>be assigned him as counsel also that said <lb/>charles <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>have</supplied>
                  </unclear> reasonable liberty to attend <lb/>his <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>Counsel</supplied>
                  </unclear> and this court as occasion may <lb/>require and that he be not removed out <lb/>of the juris <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>diction</supplied>
                  </unclear> of this court and that <lb/>he be not subject to any severty on <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>account</supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <lb/> of his application for freedom - <lb/>“On the day and at the term for the year <lb/>last aforesaid was filed a declaration<lb/>which is in the words and <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>figures</supplied>
                  </unclear> following <lb/>to <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>wit</supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                   State of <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Missouri</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> - <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>County of St Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> 
                  <abbr>Sc.</abbr>
                  <lb/>In the <orgName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>St Louis Circuit Court</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </orgName> 
                  <date when="1840-07">July Term 1840</date>. <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <lb/>a man of color, the plaintiff in this action by <lb/>his allorneys <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>T. Polk</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> &amp; <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> complains <lb/>of <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Peter</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Verhagen</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> the defendant of a plea <lb/>of <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>trespass</supplied>
                  </unclear> for that the said defendant <lb/>on the <date when="1840-05-01">first day of may eighteen hundred <lb/>and forty</date> at the said county of <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>St Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> 
                  <lb/>with force and arms, made an assault upon <lb/>him the said plaintiff to wit at the County <lb/>aforesaid and then and there beat, <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>bruised</supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <lb/>and <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>ill</supplied>
                  </unclear> treated him the said plaintiff and</p>
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               <p>then and there <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>imprisoned</supplied>
                  </unclear> him the said <lb/>plaintiff and kept and detained him in <lb/>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>prison</supplied>
                  </unclear> there, without any reasonable or <lb/>probable cause whatsoever for a long time <lb/>to wit for the space of Twenty days then next <lb/>following contray to the laws and customs <lb/>of this state and against the will of the <lb/>plaintiff and the said plaintiff <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> that <lb/>before &amp; at that time of committing the aforesaid <lb/>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>greivances</supplied>
                  </unclear> he was &amp; still is a free <lb/>person and that the said defendant held <lb/>and detained him, and still holds and <lb/>detains him in slavery against law &amp; right <lb/>and against the will of the plaintiff to wit <lb/>at the county aforesaid; and other wrong &amp; <lb/>to the said plaintiff then and there did <lb/>to the great damage of the said plaintiff <lb/>and against the peace and dignity of the <lb/>State. wherefore the said plaintiff saith that <lb/>he is injured &amp; hath sustained damage <lb/>to the amount of <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>five</supplied>
                  </unclear> hundred dollars &amp; <lb/>therefore he brings this suit <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>C.C. <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Carroll</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <lb/>
                  <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>T. Polk</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> for plaintiff - upon which said <lb/>Petition and declaration the Clerk of said <lb/>Court Issued a summons which is <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> 
                  <lb/>the words and figures following to wit <lb/> 
                  <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>County of St Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> 
                  <abbr>Ss.</abbr> The <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>State of Missouri</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> 
                  <lb/>To the Sheriff of <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>St Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> county - greeting Summons<lb/>We command you to summon <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Peter</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Verhagen</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> Summons <lb/>if he be found in your county that he <lb/>be and appear before the judge of our <lb/>Circuit court, on the first day of the next <lb/>term thereof to be held at the city of <lb/>
                  <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>St Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> within and for the <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>County of St Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName>
               </p>
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               <p>This electronic document is published as part of the St Louis Circuit
                    Court historical records project.</p>
            </publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
               <p>The original document is part of the Missouri State Archives St Louis Circuit
                    Court collection.</p>
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         <body rend="handwritten">
            
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               <pb facs="7085_007.tif" n="007"/>
               <p>on the third Monday of July next, then and <lb/>there to answer unto <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> a man of <lb/>color of a plea of trespass to the damage <lb/>of said plaintiff of Five hundred dollars <lb/>and have you then there this writ <figure rend="seal"/> 
                  <lb/>Witness <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>John Ruland</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName>, Clerk of our said <lb/>court with the seal thereof hereto affixed <lb/>at office, in the city of <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>St Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName>, this <date when="1840-05-18">eighteenth <lb/>day of May in the year of our <lb/>Lord eighteen hundred and forty</date>- <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>John Ruland</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <lb/>Clerk. - Return Upon which said writ the Sheriff <lb/>endorsed his return in the word and figures <lb/>following to wit “  Executed this writ in the <lb/>county of <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>St Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> on the <date when="1840-05-19">19th day of May <lb/>1840</date> by offering to read it and the petition <lb/>&amp; declaration and also the order of the <lb/>Honorable Judge to <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Peter</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Verhagen</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> the <lb/>within named defendant all of which <lb/>he said defendant refused to hear-<lb/>
                  <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Marshall Brotherton</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> Shff By <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Joseph</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> C. <lb/>Brown D.Pty.Plea filed and afterwards <lb/>to wit at the July term for the year last aforesaid <lb/>on the twentieth day of said month the <lb/>following proceeding were had in said cause to wit Plea filed <lb/>
                  <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> a man of color = vs = <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Peter</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Verhagen</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> =<lb/>Plea Filed= which plea is in the words and <lb/>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>figures</supplied>
                  </unclear> following to wit -  <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Peter</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Verhagen</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> ads <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> Plea <lb/>a men of color No 209 In the <orgName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>St Louis Circuit</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </orgName> 
                  <lb/>
                  <orgName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Court</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </orgName> 
                  <date when="1840-07">July Tern 1840</date>. And the said defendant <lb/>by his attorney, comes and defends the the force <lb/>and <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>injury</supplied>
                  </unclear> when &amp; C and says that he is not <lb/>guilty of the said supposed <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>trespass</supplied>
                  </unclear> above <lb/>said to his charge or any or either of them <lb/>in manner &amp; form as the said plaintiff hath</p>
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               <p>This electronic document is published as part of the St Louis Circuit
                    Court historical records project.</p>
            </publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
               <p>The original document is part of the Missouri State Archives St Louis Circuit
                    Court collection.</p>
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         <body rend="handwritten">
                
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               <pb facs="7085_008.tif" n="008"/>   
               <p>in his said declaration alleged and of <lb/>this he the said defendant puts himself upon <lb/>the County &amp; C- Primm p.d. Change of <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> 
                  <lb/>And the said plaintiff does the like P-G. <lb/>And afterwards to wit at the <date when="1841-03-26">March <lb/>Term of said court for the year eighteen <lb/>hundred and forty One</date> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>on</supplied>
                  </unclear> the <date when="1841-04-26">twenty sixth <lb/>day of April</date> the following proceedings were <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> 
                  <lb/>had in said cause to wit  <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> a man of <lb/>color= vs = <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Peter</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Verhagen</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> - Freedom= The Judge <lb/>of this court having given an opinion <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>whilst</supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <lb/>at the bar in this case it is ordered that the <lb/>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>venue</supplied>
                  </unclear> of this cause be changed to the <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>St Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> 
                  <lb/>court of Common pleas. and that the Clerk of <lb/>this court make out a <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>full transcript</supplied>
                  </unclear> of the <lb/>record and proceedings in the cause. and <lb/>transmit the same duly certified together with <lb/>all the original papers filed in the cause and not <lb/>forming a part of the record to the clerk of the <lb/>said court of common pleas. —</p>
               <closer>
                  <signed>
                     <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/>
                  </signed>
               </closer>
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               <pb facs="7085_008.tif" n="008"/>
               <opener rend="bracketed">
                  <dateline>State of <placeName>
                        <choice>
                           
                           <orig>Missouri</orig>
                        </choice>
                     </placeName> 
                     <lb/>
                     <placeName>
                        <choice>
                           
                           <orig>County of St Louis</orig>
                        </choice>
                     </placeName>
                  </dateline>
                  <abbr>ss.</abbr>
               </opener>
               <p>I <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>John Ruland</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> clerk <lb/>of the circuit court within and for said County <lb/>certify the foregoing to be a true full and <lb/>correct transcript of the proceedings in <lb/>the case of <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> a man of color= <abbr>vs</abbr> = <lb/>
                  <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Peter</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Verhagen</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear> as the same remains <lb/>on file and of record in my Office</p>
               <figure rend="seal"/>
               <closer>In testimony <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>Whereof I</supplied>
                  </unclear> 
                  <lb/>have hereunto set my hand and affixed <lb/>the seal of said <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> court at office <lb/>in the city of <placeName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>St Louis</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </placeName> this <date when="1841-05-16"> sixth day of May <lb/>Eighteen hundred and forty one</date>
                  <signed>
                     <persName>
                        <choice>
                           
                           <orig>Jn. Ruland</orig>
                        </choice>
                     </persName>
                  </signed> Clerk</closer>
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               <title>Order for Change of Venue</title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt>
               <p>This electronic document is published as part of the St Louis Circuit
                    Court historical records project.</p>
            </publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
               <p>The original document is part of the Missouri State Archives St Louis Circuit
                    Court collection.</p>
            </sourceDesc>
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               <legalDoc genre="civil" stagelit="pre-trial" type="order" when="1841"> </legalDoc>
               <legalTitle>Order for Change of Venue</legalTitle>
               <author role="attorney">Carroll, C. C.</author> 
               <author role="attorney">Polk, T.</author>
               <court>St. Louis Circuit Court</court>
            </legalDocDesc>
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         <body rend="handwritten">
            

            <div1 legalFunction="Order for Change of Venue" rend="horizontal">
               <pb facs="7085_009.tif" n="009"/>
               <head rend="bracketed">
                  <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Charles</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> (a man of color)<abbr>vs </abbr>
                  <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>Peter</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Verhagen</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear>
               </head>
               <p>
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>Venue</supplied>
                  </unclear> Changed to Court <lb/>of <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>Com</supplied>
                  </unclear> Pleas <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>The</supplied>
                  </unclear> judge <lb/>having <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/> of <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>counsel</supplied>
                  </unclear> in <lb/>the cause</p>
               <closer>
                  <abbr>C.</abbr>
                  <abbr>C</abbr> 
                  <unclear rend="written" unit="chars"/>
                  <signed>
                     <persName>
                        <choice>
                           
                           <orig>Carroll</orig>
                        </choice>
                     </persName> &amp;</signed> 
                  <persName>
                     <choice>
                        
                        <orig>T</orig>
                     </choice>
                  </persName>. <unclear rend="written" unit="chars">
                     <supplied>
                        <persName>
                           <choice>
                              
                              <orig>Polk</orig>
                           </choice>
                        </persName>
                     </supplied>
                  </unclear>
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               <p>This electronic document is published as part of the St Louis Circuit
                    Court historical records project.</p>
            </publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
               <p>The original document is part of the Missouri State Archives St Louis Circuit
                    Court collection.</p>
            </sourceDesc>
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         <profileDesc/>
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